Glossary N

Deutsch: Nischendifferenzierung / Español: Diferenciación de nichos / Português: Diferenciação de nicho / Français: Différenciation de niche / Italiano: Differenziazione di nicchia

Niche differentiation in the environmental context refers to the process by which competing species use the environment differently in a way that helps them to coexist. This ecological concept is fundamental in understanding biodiversity and the dynamics of ecosystems.

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Deutsch: Nitrate / Español: Nitrato / Português: Nitrato / Français: Nitrate / Italiano: Nitrato
Nitrate is a polyatomic ion with the molecular formula NO3- . Nitrates also describe the organic functional group RONO2. These nitrate esters are a specialized class of explosives.

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Nitrates are the plant nutrient and fertilizer that enters water supply sources from fertilizers, animal feed lots, manures, sewage, septic systems, industrial wastewaters, sanitary landfills, and garbage dumps.

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A Nitrification is the biochemical oxidation of ammonium to nitrate, predominantly by autotrophic bacteria.

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Deutsch: Stickstoff / Español: Nitrógeno / Português: Azoto / Français: Azote / Italiano: Azoto
Nitrogen, symbol N, is the chemical element of atomic number 7. At room temperature, it is a gas of diatomic molecules and is colorless and odorless. Nitrogen is a common element in the universe, estimated at about seventh in total abundance in our galaxy and the Solar System. On Earth, the element is primarily found as the free element; it forms about 80% of the Earth's atmosphere.

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A Nitrogen cycle is Cyclic movement of nitrogen in different chemical forms from the environment, to organisms, and then back to the environment.

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Deutsch: Stickstofffixierung / Español: Fijación de nitrógeno / Português: Fixação de nitrogênio / Français: Fixation de l'azote / Italiano: Fissazione dell'azoto /

A nitrogen fixation is the process in which Bacteria convert biologically unusable nitrogen gas (N2) into biologically usable ammonia (NH₃) and Nitrates (NO3-).

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Deutsch: Stickoxide / Español: Óxidos de nitrógeno / Português: Óxidos de nitrogênio / Français: Oxydes d'azote / Italiano: Ossidi di azoto /

Nitrogen oxides are harmful gases (which contribute to Acid rain and global warming) emitted as a Byproduct of fossil fuel combustion.

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Nitrogen oxides (NOx) are compounds of nitrogen (N) and oxygen (O) in ambient air; i.e., nitric oxide (NO) and others with a higher oxidation state of N, of which NO₂ is the most important toxicologically.

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A Nitrous Oxide (N₂O) is a powerful greenhouse gas with a global warming potential most recently evaluated at 310. Major sources of nitrous oxide include soil cultivation practices, especially the use of commercial and organic fertilizers, fossil fuel combustion, nitric acid production, and biomass burning.

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